（四）通过一切有效途径，立即向就近的主管机关报告，报告内收留包含事故发生位置、遇险船舶名称、职员伤亡情况、船舶受损情况、天气海况、救助需求等。
《指引》是在认真分析中国沿海水域习惯航线与渔船作业集中水域的交叉、渔船航行作业习惯、商渔船碰撞多发时间、商渔船碰撞主要原因等段等多方面因素的基础上，广泛研究和征求意见后制定的。

1.1.3 Reasonably arrange crewsMake proper arrangement on navigational watch. There should be at least 2 crew members engaged on the bridgewatch at any timeall times on navigating watch and look-out.


（三）立即呼唤周边船舶参与救助。





1. 每年伏季休渔结束后，是中国沿海渔船活动密度最高时段。



2. 夜间23时至越日凌晨4时是商渔船碰撞事故高发时段，应予以特别关注。
3. 公道安排驾驶台航行值班职员，任何时候驾驶台应保持至少2名航行值班和了看瞭看职员。
1.1.2 Examine and test navigational aids and communication equipment such as RADAR, ECDIS/ECS, AIS, VDR, VHF, Navigational lights and sound-signalling equipment to ensure that all are in goodsound working condition.


1.2.1 It should be borne in mind that: Safety First, Don't take risks, Take a detour! As far as practicable Aavoid to sail intoentering the waters where fishing vessels are concentrated the fishing boats concentrated area as much as possible.


1.3.5 Even a slight collision or contact between a merchant vessel and a fishing vessel might cause damage to or capsize the fishing vessel and cause subsequent damage to both the vessel and her crew. Howeverit is sometimes hard to be observed by watchkeepers on merchant vessesls, and might be neglected by the crew of merchant vessel. Therefore, When passing a fishing vessel at close range, great care should be taken to ensure that there is no collision, wave damage or vessel suction.observe and check carefully to ensure that there is no scraping, wave damage or boat suction, when passing a fishing boat at a close range.
（二）发生碰撞事故后应立即停船，将人命救助置于首位，跨境铁路 国际物流，全力实施救助。全部遇险职员脱险前，只要不严重威及自身安全，严禁放弃搜救擅自驶离现场。在海上该行为意味着对他人生命的放弃，将面临法律的重办！切莫心存侥幸，借助当前的技术手段，肇事逃逸船舶几乎都被追踪查获。


（二）警惕渔船近间隔的不协调行动而发生碰撞。发现需紧急避让的渔船，可用探照灯闪烁至少5次，或用连续声号引起渔船留意。

《指引》分别从航行航法、避让行动、应急救助三方面作了具体的指导，特别是商船进进渔船密集区前、航经或邻近渔船密集区时航行航法，提出了具体的要求。同时夸大了避让行动和应急救助所须采取的措施。对商渔船碰撞的防范和碰撞后救助义务等事宜都有重点夸大。

（二）经过或邻近渔船密集区水域期间

每位参加航行值班职员均应熟知上述内收留。
7. 杜尽疲惫驾驶、酒后驾驶。
1.3.6 It is recommended that vessels sailing from the southern parts of the South China Sea to Japanese or Korean ports, and vessels that do not call at Chinese ports, proceed from the waters east of Taiwan Island and try to stay away from the coastal waters of China.


5. 商船与渔船即使发生稍微擦碰也可能造成渔船受损或翻沉，并且商船上的职员可能不轻易察觉。因此，当近间隔驶过渔船时，应仔细观察，确保未发生擦碰、浪损或船吸。
1.2.2 The crew on navigational watch should be reasonably arrangedAppropriate bridge watch arrangement shall be made.,The number of bridge team may be increased a sufficient number of qualified personnel should be increasedaccording to the high traffic density of fishing vessels and the duty intensity of navigation watch. Don’t hesitate to call the captain to the bridge immediatelyany time indoubt. when necessary.

中国沿海航行船舶防范商渔船碰撞安全指引

2021年08月02日 11时 中国海事

4. 若观测到渔船船速在3节左右时，通常该渔船正在捕鱼作业中，操纵能力受限，需要及早协调避让,最好保持1海里以上间隔通过。
3. 应特别留意部分夜间锚泊渔船可能未按要求值班、显示号灯和开启AIS。还要特别留意大量渔网网位仪对AIS、雷达回波和电子海图的使用干扰。

3. Emergency Rescue

6. 确保AIS信息正确且工作正常。
2.2 Watch out for possible collisions caused by fishing boats in uncoordinated actions taken byr fishing vessels at close distancerange. When finding a fishing vessel that needs emergency collision avoidance actions, flash the searchlightgive at least 5  timesshort and rapid flashes by ALDIS light, or use a continuous sound signal to attract theher attention of the fishing boat.



1.2.4 The crew on navigational watchBridge should keep sharp look-out, turn onuse two or more radars  to obtain early warning of risk of collision by long-range and short-range scanning. Do not rely too much on a single navigational aids, every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions.

（一）应遵守避碰规则，避让时坚持“早、大、宽、清”。尝试提前通过VHF16频道呼唤渔船，协调避让行动。若数次呼唤尝试无应答，可能意味着该渔船VHF未在守听状态。沟通时要充分考虑口音、语言表达等方面的局限，确保双方互相清楚对方意图。

（四）避让行动要充分考虑四周环境，以免造成与其他船舶的紧迫局面。

1.3.3 Special attention should also be paid to some fishing vessels anchored at night which might be without any crewnot arrange watchkeeper on watch, not or display proper display lights andor turnhave operational  onAIS as required, and also to the interference from a largethe excessivenumberuse of AIS-Net-Locators on the use of AIS, Radar and ECDIS/ECSfishing nets or fishing marks.


1.3 Special Precautions
3.2 The vessel should be stopped immediately after a collision. Life-saving rescue should be put at first priority and no effort should be sparedall endeavors shall be made to carry out the on-site rescue. Before all people in distress are saved, as long as your own safety is not severely threatened.,It is strictly forbidden to give up search and rescue and leave the scene without authorization it is strictly forbidden to escape. Such behavior at sea means giving up the lives of others and will face severe punishment by law! Nothing can be left to chance， aAided by the modern technology, almost all escapedhit-and-run ships after a collision will be tracked and seizeddown.
1. Normal Navigational Methods